The Hittite Empire, centered in ancient Anatolia, left behind a legacy of remarkable art and jewelry. Join us as we delve into the history and unique craftsmanship of Hittite jewelry, revealing the cultural richness of this ancient civilization.
The Hittites were an Anatolian people who established a powerful empire centered in Hattusa, near present-day Çorum, Turkey, around 1600 BCE. Interest in the Hittites surged after the founding of the Republic of Turkey in the 1920s when Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was building a national identity. The Hittites captured the attention of Turkish archaeologists like Halet Çambel and Tahsin Özgüç, leading to the development of Hittitology and the establishment of institutions like Etibank (Hittite bank) and the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara.
Hittite art was shaped by the earlier Hattian culture and the influence of neighboring civilizations such as the Assyrians. The Hittite Kingdom became wealthy through interactions with other powerful centers like Babylon and Egypt, and their art is known for its originality. One of the Hittites' greatest contributions to Anatolian art is their sculptures and rock reliefs, which include impressive monumental carvings and metalworks.
Hittite jewelers were skilled artisans who worked with a variety of materials, including gold, bronze, ivory, and quartz. These materials were used not only in jewelry but also in everyday objects such as book covers, utensils, and weapons. The Hittites often adorned their pieces with intricate designs and natural motifs, reflecting their love of nature and spirituality.
Unlike European jewelry, which often features repeated use of the same metal, Ottoman jewelry, including Hittite pieces, is characterized by the use of various metals and the prominence given to the natural characteristics of stones. Hittite jewelry often features motifs inspired by nature, such as flowers and animals, and is known for its colorful and ornate designs.
Archaeological excavations have provided valuable insights into the jewelry culture of the Hittites. Let's explore some specific digs and their findings:
In Alaca Höyük, archaeologists discovered unique gold earrings with special stamps that are believed to belong to the Hittite Kingdom. Other jewelry found at this site includes pieces made from bronze and various minerals, with bronze being the predominant material.
Excavations at Alişar Höyük revealed necklaces made from bones, bronze pendants, bronze wristbands, and rings. These findings highlight the diversity of materials used by Hittite jewelers.
In Boğazköy, archaeologists found bronze earrings, pendants, and small sculptures of Hittite gods. These artifacts offer a glimpse into the spiritual significance of jewelry in Hittite culture.
While the Hittites may not have left behind as many jewelry remnants as other great civilizations like the Urartians, what has been discovered so far reveals the intricate artistry and cultural importance of their jewelry. Their unique designs, use of various materials, and incorporation of natural and spiritual motifs set their jewelry apart. Despite the passage of millennia, the beauty and significance of Hittite jewelry continue to captivate and inspire. Hittite jewelry is now prized in museums around the world, admired for its historical significance and exquisite craftsmanship.
Stay tuned to our blog for more fascinating insights into the world of ancient jewelry and its lasting legacy. Discover the stories behind these timeless treasures and explore their enduring impact on our lives today.